TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Volume Sonography: Core Concepts for Clinical Practice
A1  - Bega, George
A2  - Fleischer, Arthur C.
A2  - Abramowicz, Jacques S.
A2  - Gonçalves, Luis F.
A2  - Manning, Frank A.
A2  - Monteagudo, Ana
A2  - Timor, Ilan E.
A2  - Toy, Eugene C.
Y1  - 2017
N1  - 
T2  - Fleischer's Sonography in Obstetrics and Gynecology: Textbook and Teaching Cases, 8e
AB  - Key  TermsThree-dimensional  ultrasonography  (3DUS,  or  volume  ultrasound):  an  imaging  method  that  fundamentally  converts  the  acquired  digital  2D  picture  elements  (pixels)  into  a  3D  volume.Four-dimensional  ultrasonography:  an  imaging  method  that  adds  the  dimension  of  time  via  the  fast,  and  continuous,  acquisition  and  display  of  3DUS  volumes,  especially  useful  for  imaging  moving  targets  (ie,  fetal  heart,  moving  limbs,  etc).Multiplanar  display:  the  interactive  display  of  three  perpendicular  views  (ie,  sagittal,  transverse,  and  coronal  views)  around  a  reference  point,  otherwise  known  as  orthogonal  display.Voxel:  short  for  volume  pixel.  The  smallest  unit  of  a  three-dimensional  volume,  equivalent  of  a  pixel  in  a  2D  image.Rendering:  the  display  of  voxels  using  postprocessing  software  highlighting  either  surface  features  (surface  rendering)  or  internal  anatomic  structures  (volume  rendering).Reformatting:  the  process  of  volume  exploration,  at  times  using  postprocessing  algorithms,  where  particular  image  planes  are  obtained  in  a  multiplanar,  rendered  display,  or  both.STIC  (spatio-temporal  image  correlation):  a  volume  analysis  technique  specifically  designed  to  acquire  and  display  moving  volumes  of  the  fetal  heart.Matrix  2D  array  (or  electronic  4D  probes):  a  transducer  with  a  large  number  of  piezoelectric  elements  (thousands)  in  rows,  allowing  electronic  beam  steering,  and  focusing,  in  all  directions,  avoiding  the  limitations  of  mechanically  swept  probes.  They  make  possible  rapid  real-time  acquisition  of  moving  objects  such  as  limbs  or  fetal  heart.Volume  contrast  imaging:  a  3D  image  projection  that  provides  excellent  contrast  resolution  by  combining  several  layers  of  voxels  (ie,  derived  from  multiple  image  slices  in  a  rather  thin  volume  acquisition),  as  compared  to  a  single  layer  of  pixels  used  in  2D  ultrasonography.Biplane  imaging:  provides  simultaneous  display  of  high  resolution,  high  frame  rate  images  in  two  perpendicular  planes.  A  matrix  2D  array  can  steer  scan  planes  in  perpendicular  orientations  allowing  for  acquisition,  and  true  real-time  display  of  two  orthogonal  planes.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/19
UR  - obgyn.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1151029839
ER  -