RT Book, Section
A1 Hoffman, Barbara L.
A1 Schorge, John O.
A1 Bradshaw, Karen D.
A1 Halvorson, Lisa M.
A1 Schaffer, Joseph I.
A1 Corton, Marlene M.
SR Print(0)
ID 1125286720
T1 Psychosocial Issues and Female Sexuality
T2 Williams Gynecology, 3e
YR 2016
FD 2016
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 978-0-07-184908-1
LK obgyn.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1125286720
RD 2024/04/20
AB Thirty  years  ago,  psychiatrist  George  Engel  coined  the  term  “biopsychosocial  model”  to  describe  a  developing  paradigm  for  patient  care  (Engel,  1977).  As  shown  in  Figure  13-1,  the  model  encourages  treatments  that  consider  the  mind  and  body  of  a  patient  as  two  intertwining  systems  influenced  by  a  third  system—society.  This  was  perhaps  the  first  time  a  distinction  was  drawn  between  “disease”  and  “illness.”  Namely,  disease  is  the  pathological  process,  and  illness  is  the  patient’s  experience  of  that  process.  In  keeping  with  this  model,  psychological  factors  have  two  distinct  relationships  with  women’s  reproductive  health.  At  times,  they  are  a  consequence  (infertility  has  been  linked  with  psychological  distress).  At  other  times,  they  may  be  an  insidious  cause  of  a  health  problem  (increased  hysterectomy  rates  are  noted  in  women  with  a  low  tolerance  for  the  physical  discomfort  of  menstruation).