REFERENCES
+
American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Guidelines for perinatal care, 8th ed. Elk Grove Village, AAP, 2017
+
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Coping with the stress of medical professional liability litigation. Committee Opinion No. 551, January 2013, Reaffirmed 2016a
+
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Definition of term pregnancy. Committee Opinion No. 579, November 2013, Reaffirmed 2016b
+
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Disclosure and discussion of adverse events. Committee Opinion No. 681, December 2016c
+
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Prediction and prevention of preterm birth. Practice Bulletin No. 130, October 2012, Reaffirmed 2016d
+
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: The obstetric and gynecologic hospitalist. Committee Opinion No. 657, February 2016e
+
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Opioid use and opioid use disorder in pregnancy. Committee Opinion No. 711, August 2017a
+
American College of Obstetrics and Gynecologists: Planned home birth. Committee Opinion No. 697, April 2017b
+
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine: Severe maternal morbidity: screening and review. Obstetric Care Consensus No. 5, September 2016f
+
Barbieri
RL: Reducing maternal mortality in the United States—let’s get organized! OBG Manag 27(9):8, 2015
+
Bauchner
H: The Affordable Care Act and the future of US health care. JAMA 316(5):492, 2016
+
Berg
CJ, Callaghan
WM, Syverson
C,
et al: Pregnancy-related mortality in the United States, 1998 to 2005. Obstet Gynecol 116:1302, 2010
+
Berg
CJ, Harper
MA, Atkinson
SM,
et al: Preventability of pregnancy-related deaths. Results of a state-wide review. Obstet Gynecol 106:1228, 2005
+
Bloom
SL, Leveno
KJ: Unproven technologies in maternal-fetal medicine and the high cost of US health care. JAMA 317(10):1025, 2017
+
Brännström
M, Johannesson
L, Bokström
H,
et al: Livebirth after uterus transplantation. Lancet 385(9968):2352, 2015
+
Brown
HL: We’re seeing a deep disregard for women’s health. ACOG Government Affairs, June 7, 2017
+
Burkhard
J: Personal communication. May 2017
+
Callaghan
WM, Creanga
AA, Kuklina
EV: Severe maternal morbidity among delivery and postpartum hospitalizations in the United States. Obstet Gynecol 120(5):1029, 2012
+
Carpentieri
AM, Lumalcuri
JJ, Shaw
J,
et al: Overview of the 2015 American Congress of Obstetrics and Gynecologists survey on professional liability. Clinical Review 20:1, 2015
+
Chervenak
FA, Grünebaum
A: Home birth: the obstetrician’s ethical response. Contemp Ob/Gyn May 8, 2015
+
Chervenak
FA, McCullough
LB, Brent
RL,
et al: Planned home birth: the professional responsibility response. Am J Obstet Gynecol 208(1):31, 2013
+
Chescheir
NC: Enough already! Obstet Gynecol 125(1):2, 2015
+
Chitty
LS: Use of cell-free DNA to screen for Down’s syndrome. N Engl J Med 372(17):1666, 2015
+
Clark
SL, Belfort
MA, Dildy
GA,
et al: Maternal death in the 21st century: causes, prevention, and relationship to cesarean delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol 199(1):36.e1, 2008
+
Clark
SL, Meyers
JA, Frye
DR,
et al: A systematic approach to the identification and classification of near-miss events on labor and delivery in a large, national health care system. Am J Obstet Gynecol 207(5):441, 2012
+
Creanga
AA, Bateman
BT, Kuklina
EV,
et al: Racial and ethnic disparities in severe maternal morbidity: a multistate analysis, 2008–2010. Am J Obstet Gynecol 210(5):435.e1, 2014
+
Creanga
AA, Berg
CJ, Syverson
C,
et al: Pregnancy-related mortality in the United States, 2006–2010. Obstet Gynecol 125:5, 2015
+
Creanga
AA, Syverson
C, Seed
K
et al: Pregnancy-related mortality in the United States, 2011–2013. Obstet Gynecol 130(2):366, 2017
+
D’Alton
ME, Friedman
AM, Smiley
RM,
et al: National partnership for maternal safety: consensus bundle on venous thromboembolism. Obstet Gynecol 128:688–98, 2016
+
de Jonge
A, Geerts
CC, van der Goes
BY,
et al: Perinatal mortality and morbidity up to 28 days after birth among 743,070 low-risk planned home and hospital births: a cohort study based on three merged national perinatal database. BJOG 122(5):720, 2015
+
Dugoff
L: Application of genomic technology in prenatal diagnosis. N Engl J Med 367(23):2249, 2012
+
Esplin
MS, Elovitz
MA, Iams
JD,
et al: Predictive accuracy of serial transvaginal cervical lengths and quantitative vaginal fetal fibronectin levels of spontaneous preterm birth among nulliparous women. JAMA 317(10): 1047, 2017
+
Fiedler
M, Aaron
HJ, Adler
L,
et al: Moving in the wrong direction—health care under the AHCA. N Engl J Med 376(25):2405, 2017
+
Flyckt
R, Kotlyar
A, Arian
S,
et al: Deceased donor uterine transplantation. Fertil Steril 107(3):e13, 2017
+
Flyckt
RL, Farrell
RM, Perni
US,
et al: Deceased donor uterine transplantation: innovation and adaptation. Obstet Gynecol 128(4):837, 2016
+
Fox
M: A million babies have been born in the U.S. with fertility help. Health NBC News, April 28, 2017
+
Greene
MF, Ecker
JL: Choosing benefits while balancing risks. N Engl J Med 373(27):2681, 2015
+
Grünebaum
A, McCullough
LB, Brent
RL,
et al: Perinatal risks of planned home births in the United States. Am J Obstet Gynecol 212(3):350, 2015
+
Grünebaum
A, Sapra
K, Chervenak
F: Term neonatal deaths resulting from home births: an increasing trend. Am J Obstet Gynecol 210:S57, 2014
+
Hamilton
BE, Martin
JA, Osterman
MJ,
et al: Births: final data for 2014. Natl Vital Stat Rep 54:1, 2015
+
Hamilton
BE, Martin
JA, Ventura
SJ: Births: preliminary data for 2011. Natl Vital Stat Rep 61(5):1, 2012
+
Han
B, Compton
WM, Blanco
C,
et al: Prescription opioid use, misuse, and use disorders in U.S. adults: 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Ann Intern Med 167(5):293, 2017
+
Hehir
MP, Ananth
CV, Wright
JD,
et al: Severe maternal morbidity and comorbid risk in hospitals performing <1000 deliveries per year. Am J Obstet Gynecol 216(2):179.e1, 2017
+
Heron
M: Deaths: leading causes for 2011. Natl Vital Stat Rep 64(7):1, 2015
+
Howell
EA, Egorova
NN, Balbierz
A,
et al: Site of delivery contribution to black-white severe maternal morbidity disparity. 215(2):143, 2016
+
Hoyert
DL: Maternal mortality and related concepts. Vital Health Stat 3(33):1, 2007
+
Joseph
KS, Lisonkova
S, Muraca
GM,
et al: Factors underlying the temporal increase in maternal mortality in the United States. 129(1):91, 2017
+
Khalifeh
A, Quist-Nelson
J, Berghella
V: Universal cervical length screening for preterm birth prevention in the United States. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 30:1500, 2017
+
King
JC: Maternal mortality in the United States—why is it important and what are we doing about it? Semin Perinatol 36(1):14, 2012
+
Knight
M, Kurinczuk
JJ, Tuffnell
D,
et al: The UK obstetric surveillance system for rare disorders of pregnancy. BJOG 112:263, 2005
+
Knight
M, UKOSS: Antenatal pulmonary embolism: risk factors, management and outcomes. BJOG 115:453, 2008
+
Koonin
LM, MacKay
AP, Berg
CJ,
et al: Pregnancy-related mortality surveillance—United States, 1987–1990. MMWR 46(4):17, 1997
+
Kuehn
BM: US uterus transplant trials under way. JAMA 317(10):1005, 2017
+
Lind
JN, Interrante
JD, Ailes
EC,
et al: Maternal use of opioids during pregnancy and congenital malformations: a systematic review. Pediatrics 139(6):e20164131, 2017
+
Lockwood
CJ: Is federal medical liability reform possible? Contemp OB/GYN July 2017
+
MacDorman
MF, Declercq
E: Trends and characteristics of United States out-of-hospital births 2004–2014: new information on risk status and access to care. Birth 43(2):116, 2016a
+
MacDorman
MF, Declercq
E, Cabral
H,
et al: Recent increases in the U.S. maternal mortality rate: disentangling trends from measurement issues. Obstet Gynecol 128(3):447, 2016b
+
MacDorman
MF, Declercq
E, Thoma
ME: Trends in maternal mortality by sociodemographic characteristics and cause of death in 27 states and the District of Columbia. Obstet Gynecol 129(5):811, 2017
+
MacDorman
MF, Gregory
EC: Fetal and perinatal mortality: United States, 2013. Natl Vital Stat Rep 64(8):1, 2015
+
Main
EK, Cape
V, Abreo
A,
et al: Reduction of severe maternal morbidity from hemorrhage using a state perinatal quality collaborative. Am J Obstet Gynecol 216(3):298.e1, 2017
+
Main
EK, Goffman
D, Scavone
BM,
et al: National partnership for maternal safety: consensus bundle on obstetric hemorrhage. Obstet Gynecol 126(1):155, 2015
+
Markus
AR, Andrés
E, West
KD,
et al: Medicaid covered births, 2008 through 2010, in the context of the implementation of health reform. Womens Health Issues 23(5):e273, 2013
+
Maron
DF: Maternal health care is disappearing in rural America. Scientific American, February 15, 2017
+
Martin
JA, Hamilton
BE, Osterman
MJK,
et al: Births: final data for 2015. National Vital Statistics Report 66:1, 2017
+
Matthews
RJ, MacDorman
MF, Thoma
ME: Infant mortality statistics from the 2013 period linked birth/infant death data set. Natl Vital Stat Rep 64(9):1, 2015
+
McCue
B, Fagnant
R, Townsend
A,
et al: Definitions of obstetric and gynecologic hospitalists. Obstet Gynecol 127(2):393, 2016
+
Mello
MM, Kachalia
A, Studdert
DM: Medical liability—prospects for federal reform. N Engl J Med 376(19):1806, 2017
+
Moaddab
A, Dildy
GA, Brown
HL,
et al: Health care disparity and state-specific pregnancy-related mortality in the United States, 2005–2014. Obstet Gynecol 128:869, 2016
+
Nelson
DB, McIntire
DD, McDonald
J,
et al: 17-Alpha hydroxyprogesterone caproate did not reduce the rate of recurrent preterm birth in a prospective cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 216:600.e1, 2017
+
Norton
ME, Jacobsson
B, Swamy
GK,
et al: Cell-free DNA analysis for noninvasive examination of trisomy. N Engl J Med 373(26):2582, 2015
+
Reddy
UM, Davis
JM, Ren
Z,
et al: Opioid use in pregnancy, neonatal abstinence syndrome, and childhood outcomes. Obstet Gynecol 130(1):10, 2017
+
Reddy
UM, Page
GP, Saade
GR,
et al: Karyotype versus microarray testing for genetic abnormalities after stillbirth. N Engl J Med 367(23):2185, 2012
+
Rice
S: Baylor doctors deliver first baby born in U.S. after uterine transplant. Dallas Morning News. December 2, 2017
+
Shields
LE, Wiesner
S, Klein
C,
et al: Early standardized treatment of critical blood pressure elevations is associated with a reduction in eclampsia and severe maternal morbidity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 216(4):415.e1, 2017
+
Snowden
JM, Tilden
EL, Snyder
J,
et al: Planned out-of-hospital birth and birth outcomes. N Engl J Med 373:2642, 2015
+
Snyder
MW, Simmons
LE, Kitzman
JO,
et al: Copy-number variation and false positive prenatal aneuploidy screening results. N Engl J Med 372(17):1639, 2015
+
Souza
JP, Cecatti
JG, Haddad
SM,
et al: The WHO maternal near-miss approach and the maternal severity index model (MSI): tools for assessing the management of severe maternal morbidity. PLoS One 7(8):e44129, 2012
+
Squires
D, Anderson
C: US health care from a global perspective, spending, use of services, prices, and health in 13 countries. Issue Brief (Commonw Fund) 15:1, 2015
+
Srinivas
SK, Small
DS, Macheras
M,
et al: Evaluating the impact of the laborist model of obstetric care on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 215:770.e1, 2016
+
Stevenson
AJ, Flores-Vazquez
IM, Allgeyer
RL,
et al: Effect of removal of Planned Parenthood from the Texas women’s health program. N Engl J Med 374(9):853, 2016
+
Talkowski
ME, Ordulu
Z, Pillalamarri
V,
et al: Clinical diagnosis by whole-genome sequencing of a prenatal sample. N Engl J Med 367(23):2226, 2012
+
Tavernise
S: Maternal mortality rate in U.S. rises, defying global trend, study finds. New York Times, September 21, 2016
+
Testa
G, Koon
EC, Johannesson
L,
et al: Living donor uterus transplantation: a single center’s observations and lessons learned from early setbacks to technical success. Am J Transplant, April 22, 2017 [Epub ahead of print]
+
Towers Watson: Update of U.S. tort cost trends. Available at:
towerswatson.com. Accessed July 30, 2017
+
Van der Kooy
J, Poeran
J, de Graaf
JP,
et al: Planned home compared with planned hospital births in the Netherlands. Obstet Gynecol 118(5):1037, 2011
+
Voelker
R: US preterm births: “D” is for dismal. JAMA 303(2):116, 2010
+
Wapner
RJ, Martin
CL, Levy
B,
et al: Chromosomal microarray versus karyotyping for prenatal diagnosing. N Engl J Med 367(23):2175, 2012
+
Wasden
S, Perlman
J, Chasen
S,
et al: Home birth and risk of neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 210:S251, 2014
+
Wax
JR, Lucas
FJ, Lamont
M,
et al: Maternal and newborn outcomes in planned home birth vs planned hospital births: a metaanalysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 203(3):243, 2010
+
Yuko
E: Weighing the ethics of artificial wombs. New York Times, May 8, 2017