TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Arthrogryposis A1 - Bianchi, Diana W. A1 - Crombleholme, Timothy M. A1 - D'Alton, Mary E. A1 - Malone, Fergal D. PY - 2015 T2 - Fetology: Diagnosis and Management of the Fetal Patient, 2e AB - Key PointsDescriptive term that refers to the presence of congenital contractures in two or more joints. Does not necessarily represent a syndrome but is a compensatory connective tissue response.Causes include abnormal muscle tissue, abnormal nerve function, abnormal connective tissue, and mechanical limitation of fetal movement.Incidence is 1 in 3000 livebirths.Sonographic findings include malpositioned limbs, limited fetal movements, hypoechogenicity of long bones. May be associated with increased nuchal translucency, polyhydramnios, and cystic hygroma.Differential diagnosis includes more than 150 conditions. Amyoplasia is the most common. Chromosome abnormalities are unlikely, but should consider trisomy 18 and mosaic trisomy 8.Examine both prospective parents for signs of distal arthrogryposis, which is dominantly inherited and associated with 10 conditions.Treatment of newborn focuses on whether only limbs are affected or if there are abnormalities of nervous or muscular systems.Treatment for isolated joint abnormalities begins with plaster casts in newborn period. Surgery, if performed, occurs at 3 to 12 months. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - obgyn.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1106400487 ER -