RT Book, Section A1 Hoffman, Barbara L. A1 Schorge, John O. A1 Halvorson, Lisa M. A1 Hamid, Cherine A. A1 Corton, Marlene M. A1 Schaffer, Joseph I. SR Print(0) ID 1171532215 T1 Genitourinary Fistula and Urethral Diverticulum T2 Williams Gynecology, 4e YR 2020 FD 2020 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781260456868 LK obgyn.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1171532215 RD 2024/03/28 AB A genitourinary fistula is defined as an abnormal communication between the urinary (ureters, bladder, urethra) and the genital (uterus, cervix, vagina) systems. The true incidence is unknown and varies according to whether the etiology is obstetric or gynecologic. In Asia and Africa, up to 100,000 new cases of obstetric genitourinary fistula are added each year to the estimated pool of 2 million women with unrepaired fistulas (World Health Organization, 2018). For industrialized countries, most fistulas occur iatrogenically from pelvic surgery, and the generally accepted incidence derives from data on surgeries to correct these fistulas. Numbers from the National Hospital Discharge Survey of inpatient women show that approximately 5 per 100,000 women underwent lower reproductive tract fistula repair (Brown, 2012). This likely is underestimated, as many cases are unreported, unrecognized, or treated conservatively. Of genitourinary fistulas, vesicovaginal fistula is most common (Goodwin, 1980; Shaw, 2014).